Nice cheat sheet of Linux shell commands With this list of basic Linux commands and sample usages, you’ll never have to worry about forgotten commands again. The items contained within brackets are optional, and type man at a shell for more information.
Some very useful Linux tricks and tips. Convert a Linux text file to DOS format with AWK. ┌──(john㉿DESKTOP-PF01IEE)-[~] └─$ awk ‘{sub(/$/,"\r")};1’ hello.txt > dodo2.txt┌──(john㉿DESKTOP-PF01IEE)-[~] └─$ awk ‘{sub(/$/,"\r")};1’ hello.txt > dodo2.txt Convert a DOS text file to UNIX format. [jason@darknet:~] awk ‘{sub(/\r$/,"")};1’ dodo2.txt > dodo3.txt[jason@darknet:~] awk ‘{sub(/\r$/,"")};1’ dodo2.txt > dodo3.txt Get your Internet-facing IP address from … Read more
While running Linux, if you want to list the contents of a folder in a vertical list format, just use the ls command with these switches. jason@ubuntu:~$ ls -luh –color=yes total 48K drwxr-xr-x 2 jason jason 4.0K Dec 15 03:03 Desktop drwxr-xr-x 2 jason jason 4.0K Nov 29 17:00 Documents drwxr-xr-x 2 jason jason 4.0K … Read more
The logsave command will print the output of a command to a file. This will also add a timestamp to the logfile telling the system administrator when the command was run. logsave /var/log/partsize df –hlogsave /var/log/partsize df –h This is an example, the output of the command is also printed to STDOUT. jason@ubuntu:~$ logsave partsize … Read more
To open the Firefox developer tools, press Ctrl-Shift-K. This is good if you have Firebug installed, as F12 will open it instead. To take a full-page screenshot of a web site, press Shift-F2 and then type this command and hit press ENTER. screenshot –fullpagescreenshot –fullpage This will be saved in the ~/Downloads folder by default. … Read more
This simple command will print the remaining free space on your hard disk. root@ip-172-31-20-16:~# df -Hla Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/xvda1 32G 9.6G 21G 32% / proc 0 0 0 – /proc sysfs 0 0 0 – /sys none 4.1k 0 4.1k 0% /sys/fs/cgroup none 0 0 0 – /sys/fs/fuse/connections none 0 … Read more
The shutdown command for Linux and UNIX is used to shutdown your Linux system properly. This command will bring down the system immediately. shutdown -h nowshutdown -h now This will shut down the system in 60 minutes. shutdown -h +60shutdown -h +60 Use this command to reboot the computer immediately. shutdown -r nowshutdown -r now … Read more
To reboot your Linux machine, use the sudo reboot command. Another way is to type sudo shutdown -r now. This command will also shut down your machine. ┌─[jason@darkstar]─[~] └──╼ $sudo init 0┌─[jason@darkstar]─[~] └──╼ $sudo init 0 Use this command to reboot your computer. ┌─[jason@darkstar]─[~] └──╼ $sudo init 6┌─[jason@darkstar]─[~] └──╼ $sudo init 6 To lookup the … Read more
Get your uptime with the uptime command on Linux. Last login: Tue Oct 28 13:55:23 on ttys000 iMac05:~ admin$ uptime 11:24 up 111 days, 20:38, 2 users, load averages: 0.35 0.16 0.14Last login: Tue Oct 28 13:55:23 on ttys000 iMac05:~ admin$ uptime 11:24 up 111 days, 20:38, 2 users, load averages: 0.35 0.16 0.14 The … Read more
The netstat command may be used to show the routing tables for your network connection easily. Use the netstat -r command to achieve this. iMac05:~ admin$ netstat -r Routing tables Internet: Destination Gateway Flags Refs Use Netif Expire default 172.18.31.1 UGSc 31 0 en0 127 localhost UCS 0 0 lo0 localhost localhost UH 0 … Read more
This is the best tutorial I have found that allowed me to install FreePBX on an Ubuntu 14.04 instance on an Amazon AWS instance. I tried a few and this one really did work for me after following all of the steps and exercising patience. http://wiki.freepbx.org/display/HTGS/Installing+FreePBX+12+on+Ubuntu+Server+14.04+LTS. FreePBX is a very useful tool for setting up … Read more
This simple command allows the user to print the contents of a variable. homer@deusexmachina:~ % echo "$LOGNAME" homerhomer@deusexmachina:~ % echo "$LOGNAME" homer Use the netstat command to get information about all network connections to and from your machine. homer@deusexmachina:~ % netstat Active Internet connections Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address (state) tcp4 0 0 … Read more
Change the mac address of your network adapter. sudo ifconfig wlan0 down && sudo ifconfig wlan0 hw ether 00:11:22:33:44:55 && sudo ifconfig wlan0 upsudo ifconfig wlan0 down && sudo ifconfig wlan0 hw ether 00:11:22:33:44:55 && sudo ifconfig wlan0 up This will change the mac address of your network interface instantly. Below is an example. homer@deusexmachina … Read more
The route PRINT command shows the routing table. This gives some insight into your network connections. C:\Users\Administrator>route PRINT =========================================================================== Interface List 18…1e 0f 6e 5d e1 25 ……Microsoft Wi-Fi Direct Virtual Adapter 13…4c 0f 6e 5d e1 25 ……Qualcomm Atheros AR5B97 Wireless Network Adapter 12…88 ae 1d 6d 09 bc ……Broadcom NetLink (TM) Gigabit Ethernet … Read more
This command lists the information about your user. C:\Users\homer>net user Administrator User name Administrator Full Name Comment Built-in account for administering the computer/domain User’s comment Country code 000 (System Default) Account active No Account expires Never Password last set 11/2/2006 11:08:15 PM Password expires Never Password changeable 11/2/2006 11:08:15 PM Password required Yes User … Read more
The mount command shows information about your mounted partitions on your machine. iMac305:~ admin$ mount /dev/disk0s2 on / (hfs, local, journaled) devfs on /dev (devfs, local, nobrowse) map -hosts on /net (autofs, nosuid, automounted, nobrowse) map auto_home on /home (autofs, automounted, nobrowse) map -fstab on /Network/Servers (autofs, automounted, nobrowse) /dev/disk0s3 on /Volumes/Scratch (hfs, local, journaled)iMac305:~ … Read more
This is a good way to get the IP address of a host and print it to the terminal. homer@deusexmachina ~ $ host yahoo.com | awk ‘/ has address / { print $4 }’ | cut -d " " -f14- 98.138.253.109homer@deusexmachina ~ $ host yahoo.com | awk ‘/ has address / { print $4 }’ … Read more
Find all files larger than 1 megabyte in a directory. find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -size +1M -printf "%f:%s\n" | sort -t":" -k2find . -maxdepth 1 -type f -size +1M -printf "%f:%s\n" | sort -t":" -k2 Search a file for a certain string. grep "hello" my.txtgrep "hello" my.txt Get the hostname from an IP … Read more
There are a few very useful UNIX commands available on the Apple Macintosh. Mountain Lion is what I am using in Virtualbox and I am having a look at some very useful shell commands and tips. The iostat command. This shows statistics of disk Input/Output. Homers-iMac:Documents homer$ iostat disk0 disk1 cpu load average KB/t tps … Read more
A website that will explain the workings of any Linux command in plain english. http://explainshell.com/. This website allows you to type in a Linux command that you are unsure of and it will be explained to you in plain english. I just found this website linked in a Reddit posting and it is very cool … Read more